![]() The synthesized CDs were characterized by the techniques of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, spectrofluorometry, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential. In the present work, we proposed for the first time a simple and low-cost fluorometric method based on digital image using a UV-LED chamber and a 3D platform made of biodegradable polyacid lactic (PLA) and carbon dots (CDs) obtained from rice functionalized with cuprizone for the determination of Cu²⁺ in sugar cane spirits, using a paper-based device. Conclusion: The study therefore suggests that for effective adsorption process at varied temperature, there should be a stirring medium to increase the relaxation time of the adsorbent in a batch reactor. Results: It was found that the intensities and sizes of particles increased with increase in temperature during the DLS experiment by the Zetasizer Nano-S equipment. The DLS was also used to investigate the effect of temperature on the viscosity, refractive index, polydispersity index, and particle size of the adsorbent. For adsorbent development purpose, the local kaolin was modified by acid activation process, and its properties were studied by DLS and XRD techniques. Methods: Local kaolin was characterized for its thermal stability, surface morphology, and crystallinity using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) respectively. Objectives: In the present research, particulate behavior of modified kaolin was studied at varied temperature using DLS technique in Zetasizer Nano-S equipment. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique is based on the principle of Brownian motion, and thus is suitable for investigating the behavior of particles under different conditions. Variation in settling time of particles at different temperatures could have effect on adsorption process. This effect could lead to an under estimation of the mean particle size by as much as a factor of 50%.īackground: The dependence of adsorption rate on the particulate behavior of adsorbents can be effectively studied using the concept of Brownian motion. In this work, we demonstrate that the use of this spherical model for the estimation of sizes of these elongated particles could lead to over estimation of the proportion of the small particles in the population. As the inverse problem is ill-posed, then the use of a spherical model could lead to very misleading results. However, the commercial instruments which implement this laser diffraction method typically employ a model designed for spherical particles to solve this inverse problem even though a significant number of materials occur as elongated particles in industrial processes. The estimation of particle sizes by this method requires the solution of an inverse problem using a suitable model which incorporates the size, shape and optical properties of the particles. One particle sizing technique which is implemented in commercial instruments due to its wide use in the manufacturing (of particulate products) industry is the laser diffraction method. Many industrial processes for the production of particulate products rely on the accurate measurement of the sizes of these particles during the production process. Modern DLS instru- ments, notably the Zetasizer Nano system (Malvern Instruments, Southborough, DLS is a non- invasive technique that measures a large population of particles in a very short time period, with no manipulation of the sur- rounding medium. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), also known as photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS), provides many advantages as a particle size analysis method. Because of the corre- lation between efficacy and size, particle sizing is quickly becoming a routine step in the development of more stable and effective formulations. As the par- ticle size increases, efficacy is diminished, primarily due to the decrease in the active surface area. A typical man- ifestation of formulation instability is an increase in particle size, due to aggrega- tion of the analyte or carrier. The efficacy and subsequent success of a pharmaceutical is strongly dependent on its shelf life and its stability under tar- geted solution conditions.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |